The three-time defending champions won 6-3 7-6 (13-11) against Briton Lloyd Glasspool and Australian Rinky Hijikata on Saturday and will next play 13th seeds Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow.
Elsewhere in the men’s second round at Flushing Meadows, another British-American pairing in Julian Cash and Robert Galloway could not follow in Salisbury and Ram’s footsteps.
They lost 6-7 (8-10) 6-3 6-4 to fellow unseeded duo Tristan Boyer and Emilio Nava, who play Britain’s Neal Skupski and New Zealand’s Michael Venus – the eighth seeds – in round three.
Two Britons in the women’s doubles caused upsets in the second round.
The unseeded pairing of Heather Watson and American Asia Muhammad toppled 13th seeds Giuliana Olmos of Mexico and Alexandra Panova 7-6 (7-4) 6-3 to set up a third-round meeting with Wimbledon champions Katerina Siniakova of the Czech Republic and American Taylor Townsend.
Coming from a set down, Olivia Nicholls and Slovak Tereza Mihalikova won 4-6 7-5 6-3 to knock out Japan’s Ena Shibahara and Indonesian Aldila Sutjiadi, who were the 16th seeds.
But Tara Moore could not join her compatriots in round three as she and Swiss partner Viktorija Golubic fell 6-2 6-3 to fifth seeds Nicole Melichar-Martinez of the United States and Australian Ellen Perez.